Bitcoin Core  27.99.0
P2P Digital Currency
output_script.cpp
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1 // Copyright (c) 2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
2 // Copyright (c) 2009-2022 The Bitcoin Core developers
3 // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
4 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
5 
6 #include <key_io.h>
7 #include <outputtype.h>
8 #include <pubkey.h>
9 #include <rpc/protocol.h>
10 #include <rpc/request.h>
11 #include <rpc/server.h>
12 #include <rpc/util.h>
13 #include <script/descriptor.h>
14 #include <script/script.h>
15 #include <script/signingprovider.h>
16 #include <tinyformat.h>
17 #include <univalue.h>
18 #include <util/check.h>
19 #include <util/strencodings.h>
20 
21 #include <cstdint>
22 #include <memory>
23 #include <optional>
24 #include <string>
25 #include <tuple>
26 #include <vector>
27 
29 {
30  return RPCHelpMan{
31  "validateaddress",
32  "\nReturn information about the given bitcoin address.\n",
33  {
34  {"address", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The bitcoin address to validate"},
35  },
36  RPCResult{
37  RPCResult::Type::OBJ, "", "",
38  {
39  {RPCResult::Type::BOOL, "isvalid", "If the address is valid or not"},
40  {RPCResult::Type::STR, "address", /*optional=*/true, "The bitcoin address validated"},
41  {RPCResult::Type::STR_HEX, "scriptPubKey", /*optional=*/true, "The hex-encoded scriptPubKey generated by the address"},
42  {RPCResult::Type::BOOL, "isscript", /*optional=*/true, "If the key is a script"},
43  {RPCResult::Type::BOOL, "iswitness", /*optional=*/true, "If the address is a witness address"},
44  {RPCResult::Type::NUM, "witness_version", /*optional=*/true, "The version number of the witness program"},
45  {RPCResult::Type::STR_HEX, "witness_program", /*optional=*/true, "The hex value of the witness program"},
46  {RPCResult::Type::STR, "error", /*optional=*/true, "Error message, if any"},
47  {RPCResult::Type::ARR, "error_locations", /*optional=*/true, "Indices of likely error locations in address, if known (e.g. Bech32 errors)",
48  {
49  {RPCResult::Type::NUM, "index", "index of a potential error"},
50  }},
51  }
52  },
54  HelpExampleCli("validateaddress", "\"" + EXAMPLE_ADDRESS[0] + "\"") +
55  HelpExampleRpc("validateaddress", "\"" + EXAMPLE_ADDRESS[0] + "\"")
56  },
57  [&](const RPCHelpMan& self, const JSONRPCRequest& request) -> UniValue
58  {
59  std::string error_msg;
60  std::vector<int> error_locations;
61  CTxDestination dest = DecodeDestination(request.params[0].get_str(), error_msg, &error_locations);
62  const bool isValid = IsValidDestination(dest);
63  CHECK_NONFATAL(isValid == error_msg.empty());
64 
66  ret.pushKV("isvalid", isValid);
67  if (isValid) {
68  std::string currentAddress = EncodeDestination(dest);
69  ret.pushKV("address", currentAddress);
70 
71  CScript scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(dest);
72  ret.pushKV("scriptPubKey", HexStr(scriptPubKey));
73 
74  UniValue detail = DescribeAddress(dest);
75  ret.pushKVs(detail);
76  } else {
77  UniValue error_indices(UniValue::VARR);
78  for (int i : error_locations) error_indices.push_back(i);
79  ret.pushKV("error_locations", error_indices);
80  ret.pushKV("error", error_msg);
81  }
82 
83  return ret;
84  },
85  };
86 }
87 
89 {
90  return RPCHelpMan{"createmultisig",
91  "\nCreates a multi-signature address with n signature of m keys required.\n"
92  "It returns a json object with the address and redeemScript.\n",
93  {
94  {"nrequired", RPCArg::Type::NUM, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The number of required signatures out of the n keys."},
95  {"keys", RPCArg::Type::ARR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The hex-encoded public keys.",
96  {
97  {"key", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "The hex-encoded public key"},
98  }},
99  {"address_type", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Default{"legacy"}, "The address type to use. Options are \"legacy\", \"p2sh-segwit\", and \"bech32\"."},
100  },
101  RPCResult{
102  RPCResult::Type::OBJ, "", "",
103  {
104  {RPCResult::Type::STR, "address", "The value of the new multisig address."},
105  {RPCResult::Type::STR_HEX, "redeemScript", "The string value of the hex-encoded redemption script."},
106  {RPCResult::Type::STR, "descriptor", "The descriptor for this multisig"},
107  {RPCResult::Type::ARR, "warnings", /*optional=*/true, "Any warnings resulting from the creation of this multisig",
108  {
109  {RPCResult::Type::STR, "", ""},
110  }},
111  }
112  },
113  RPCExamples{
114  "\nCreate a multisig address from 2 public keys\n"
115  + HelpExampleCli("createmultisig", "2 \"[\\\"03789ed0bb717d88f7d321a368d905e7430207ebbd82bd342cf11ae157a7ace5fd\\\",\\\"03dbc6764b8884a92e871274b87583e6d5c2a58819473e17e107ef3f6aa5a61626\\\"]\"") +
116  "\nAs a JSON-RPC call\n"
117  + HelpExampleRpc("createmultisig", "2, [\"03789ed0bb717d88f7d321a368d905e7430207ebbd82bd342cf11ae157a7ace5fd\",\"03dbc6764b8884a92e871274b87583e6d5c2a58819473e17e107ef3f6aa5a61626\"]")
118  },
119  [&](const RPCHelpMan& self, const JSONRPCRequest& request) -> UniValue
120  {
121  int required = request.params[0].getInt<int>();
122 
123  // Get the public keys
124  const UniValue& keys = request.params[1].get_array();
125  std::vector<CPubKey> pubkeys;
126  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < keys.size(); ++i) {
127  if (IsHex(keys[i].get_str()) && (keys[i].get_str().length() == 66 || keys[i].get_str().length() == 130)) {
128  pubkeys.push_back(HexToPubKey(keys[i].get_str()));
129  } else {
130  throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, strprintf("Invalid public key: %s\n.", keys[i].get_str()));
131  }
132  }
133 
134  // Get the output type
135  OutputType output_type = OutputType::LEGACY;
136  if (!request.params[2].isNull()) {
137  std::optional<OutputType> parsed = ParseOutputType(request.params[2].get_str());
138  if (!parsed) {
139  throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, strprintf("Unknown address type '%s'", request.params[2].get_str()));
140  } else if (parsed.value() == OutputType::BECH32M) {
141  throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "createmultisig cannot create bech32m multisig addresses");
142  }
143  output_type = parsed.value();
144  }
145 
146  // Construct using pay-to-script-hash:
147  FillableSigningProvider keystore;
148  CScript inner;
149  const CTxDestination dest = AddAndGetMultisigDestination(required, pubkeys, output_type, keystore, inner);
150 
151  // Make the descriptor
152  std::unique_ptr<Descriptor> descriptor = InferDescriptor(GetScriptForDestination(dest), keystore);
153 
154  UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
155  result.pushKV("address", EncodeDestination(dest));
156  result.pushKV("redeemScript", HexStr(inner));
157  result.pushKV("descriptor", descriptor->ToString());
158 
159  UniValue warnings(UniValue::VARR);
160  if (descriptor->GetOutputType() != output_type) {
161  // Only warns if the user has explicitly chosen an address type we cannot generate
162  warnings.push_back("Unable to make chosen address type, please ensure no uncompressed public keys are present.");
163  }
164  PushWarnings(warnings, result);
165 
166  return result;
167  },
168  };
169 }
170 
172 {
173  const std::string EXAMPLE_DESCRIPTOR = "wpkh([d34db33f/84h/0h/0h]0279be667ef9dcbbac55a06295Ce870b07029Bfcdb2dce28d959f2815b16f81798)";
174 
175  return RPCHelpMan{"getdescriptorinfo",
176  {"\nAnalyses a descriptor.\n"},
177  {
178  {"descriptor", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The descriptor."},
179  },
180  RPCResult{
181  RPCResult::Type::OBJ, "", "",
182  {
183  {RPCResult::Type::STR, "descriptor", "The descriptor in canonical form, without private keys"},
184  {RPCResult::Type::STR, "checksum", "The checksum for the input descriptor"},
185  {RPCResult::Type::BOOL, "isrange", "Whether the descriptor is ranged"},
186  {RPCResult::Type::BOOL, "issolvable", "Whether the descriptor is solvable"},
187  {RPCResult::Type::BOOL, "hasprivatekeys", "Whether the input descriptor contained at least one private key"},
188  }
189  },
190  RPCExamples{
191  "Analyse a descriptor\n" +
192  HelpExampleCli("getdescriptorinfo", "\"" + EXAMPLE_DESCRIPTOR + "\"") +
193  HelpExampleRpc("getdescriptorinfo", "\"" + EXAMPLE_DESCRIPTOR + "\"")
194  },
195  [&](const RPCHelpMan& self, const JSONRPCRequest& request) -> UniValue
196  {
197  FlatSigningProvider provider;
198  std::string error;
199  auto desc = Parse(request.params[0].get_str(), provider, error);
200  if (!desc) {
202  }
203 
204  UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
205  result.pushKV("descriptor", desc->ToString());
206  result.pushKV("checksum", GetDescriptorChecksum(request.params[0].get_str()));
207  result.pushKV("isrange", desc->IsRange());
208  result.pushKV("issolvable", desc->IsSolvable());
209  result.pushKV("hasprivatekeys", provider.keys.size() > 0);
210  return result;
211  },
212  };
213 }
214 
216 {
217  const std::string EXAMPLE_DESCRIPTOR = "wpkh([d34db33f/84h/0h/0h]xpub6DJ2dNUysrn5Vt36jH2KLBT2i1auw1tTSSomg8PhqNiUtx8QX2SvC9nrHu81fT41fvDUnhMjEzQgXnQjKEu3oaqMSzhSrHMxyyoEAmUHQbY/0/*)#cjjspncu";
218 
219  return RPCHelpMan{"deriveaddresses",
220  {"\nDerives one or more addresses corresponding to an output descriptor.\n"
221  "Examples of output descriptors are:\n"
222  " pkh(<pubkey>) P2PKH outputs for the given pubkey\n"
223  " wpkh(<pubkey>) Native segwit P2PKH outputs for the given pubkey\n"
224  " sh(multi(<n>,<pubkey>,<pubkey>,...)) P2SH-multisig outputs for the given threshold and pubkeys\n"
225  " raw(<hex script>) Outputs whose scriptPubKey equals the specified hex scripts\n"
226  " tr(<pubkey>,multi_a(<n>,<pubkey>,<pubkey>,...)) P2TR-multisig outputs for the given threshold and pubkeys\n"
227  "\nIn the above, <pubkey> either refers to a fixed public key in hexadecimal notation, or to an xpub/xprv optionally followed by one\n"
228  "or more path elements separated by \"/\", where \"h\" represents a hardened child key.\n"
229  "For more information on output descriptors, see the documentation in the doc/descriptors.md file.\n"},
230  {
231  {"descriptor", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The descriptor."},
232  {"range", RPCArg::Type::RANGE, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "If a ranged descriptor is used, this specifies the end or the range (in [begin,end] notation) to derive."},
233  },
234  RPCResult{
235  RPCResult::Type::ARR, "", "",
236  {
237  {RPCResult::Type::STR, "address", "the derived addresses"},
238  }
239  },
240  RPCExamples{
241  "First three native segwit receive addresses\n" +
242  HelpExampleCli("deriveaddresses", "\"" + EXAMPLE_DESCRIPTOR + "\" \"[0,2]\"") +
243  HelpExampleRpc("deriveaddresses", "\"" + EXAMPLE_DESCRIPTOR + "\", \"[0,2]\"")
244  },
245  [&](const RPCHelpMan& self, const JSONRPCRequest& request) -> UniValue
246  {
247  const std::string desc_str = request.params[0].get_str();
248 
249  int64_t range_begin = 0;
250  int64_t range_end = 0;
251 
252  if (request.params.size() >= 2 && !request.params[1].isNull()) {
253  std::tie(range_begin, range_end) = ParseDescriptorRange(request.params[1]);
254  }
255 
256  FlatSigningProvider key_provider;
257  std::string error;
258  auto desc = Parse(desc_str, key_provider, error, /* require_checksum = */ true);
259  if (!desc) {
261  }
262 
263  if (!desc->IsRange() && request.params.size() > 1) {
264  throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Range should not be specified for an un-ranged descriptor");
265  }
266 
267  if (desc->IsRange() && request.params.size() == 1) {
268  throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Range must be specified for a ranged descriptor");
269  }
270 
271  UniValue addresses(UniValue::VARR);
272 
273  for (int64_t i = range_begin; i <= range_end; ++i) {
274  FlatSigningProvider provider;
275  std::vector<CScript> scripts;
276  if (!desc->Expand(i, key_provider, scripts, provider)) {
277  throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "Cannot derive script without private keys");
278  }
279 
280  for (const CScript& script : scripts) {
281  CTxDestination dest;
282  if (!ExtractDestination(script, dest)) {
283  // ExtractDestination no longer returns true for P2PK since it doesn't have a corresponding address
284  // However combo will output P2PK and should just ignore that script
285  if (scripts.size() > 1 && std::get_if<PubKeyDestination>(&dest)) {
286  continue;
287  }
288  throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "Descriptor does not have a corresponding address");
289  }
290 
291  addresses.push_back(EncodeDestination(dest));
292  }
293  }
294 
295  // This should not be possible, but an assert seems overkill:
296  if (addresses.empty()) {
297  throw JSONRPCError(RPC_MISC_ERROR, "Unexpected empty result");
298  }
299 
300  return addresses;
301  },
302  };
303 }
304 
306 {
307  static const CRPCCommand commands[]{
308  {"util", &validateaddress},
309  {"util", &createmultisig},
310  {"util", &deriveaddresses},
311  {"util", &getdescriptorinfo},
312  };
313  for (const auto& c : commands) {
314  t.appendCommand(c.name, &c);
315  }
316 }
bool ExtractDestination(const CScript &scriptPubKey, CTxDestination &addressRet)
Parse a scriptPubKey for the destination.
Definition: addresstype.cpp:49
bool IsValidDestination(const CTxDestination &dest)
Check whether a CTxDestination corresponds to one with an address.
CScript GetScriptForDestination(const CTxDestination &dest)
Generate a Bitcoin scriptPubKey for the given CTxDestination.
std::variant< CNoDestination, PubKeyDestination, PKHash, ScriptHash, WitnessV0ScriptHash, WitnessV0KeyHash, WitnessV1Taproot, WitnessUnknown > CTxDestination
A txout script categorized into standard templates.
Definition: addresstype.h:131
int ret
#define CHECK_NONFATAL(condition)
Identity function.
Definition: check.h:73
RPC command dispatcher.
Definition: server.h:133
Serialized script, used inside transaction inputs and outputs.
Definition: script.h:414
Fillable signing provider that keeps keys in an address->secret map.
void push_back(UniValue val)
Definition: univalue.cpp:104
const std::string & get_str() const
@ VOBJ
Definition: univalue.h:23
@ VARR
Definition: univalue.h:23
bool empty() const
Definition: univalue.h:68
Int getInt() const
Definition: univalue.h:137
const UniValue & get_array() const
void pushKV(std::string key, UniValue val)
Definition: univalue.cpp:126
static UniValue Parse(std::string_view raw)
Parse string to UniValue or throw runtime_error if string contains invalid JSON.
Definition: client.cpp:313
CTxDestination DecodeDestination(const std::string &str, std::string &error_msg, std::vector< int > *error_locations)
Definition: key_io.cpp:292
std::string EncodeDestination(const CTxDestination &dest)
Definition: key_io.cpp:287
static RPCHelpMan getdescriptorinfo()
void RegisterOutputScriptRPCCommands(CRPCTable &t)
static RPCHelpMan deriveaddresses()
static RPCHelpMan createmultisig()
static RPCHelpMan validateaddress()
std::optional< OutputType > ParseOutputType(const std::string &type)
Definition: outputtype.cpp:24
OutputType
Definition: outputtype.h:17
UniValue JSONRPCError(int code, const std::string &message)
Definition: request.cpp:58
@ RPC_MISC_ERROR
General application defined errors.
Definition: protocol.h:39
@ RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER
Invalid, missing or duplicate parameter.
Definition: protocol.h:43
@ RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY
Invalid address or key.
Definition: protocol.h:41
std::pair< int64_t, int64_t > ParseDescriptorRange(const UniValue &value)
Parse a JSON range specified as int64, or [int64, int64].
Definition: util.cpp:1263
std::string HelpExampleCli(const std::string &methodname, const std::string &args)
Definition: util.cpp:155
CTxDestination AddAndGetMultisigDestination(const int required, const std::vector< CPubKey > &pubkeys, OutputType type, FillableSigningProvider &keystore, CScript &script_out)
Definition: util.cpp:225
void PushWarnings(const UniValue &warnings, UniValue &obj)
Push warning messages to an RPC "warnings" field as a JSON array of strings.
Definition: util.cpp:1331
std::string HelpExampleRpc(const std::string &methodname, const std::string &args)
Definition: util.cpp:173
CPubKey HexToPubKey(const std::string &hex_in)
Definition: util.cpp:191
const std::string EXAMPLE_ADDRESS[2]
Example bech32 addresses for the RPCExamples help documentation.
Definition: util.cpp:31
UniValue DescribeAddress(const CTxDestination &dest)
Definition: util.cpp:329
std::string GetDescriptorChecksum(const std::string &descriptor)
Get the checksum for a descriptor.
std::unique_ptr< Descriptor > InferDescriptor(const CScript &script, const SigningProvider &provider)
Find a descriptor for the specified script, using information from provider where possible.
std::map< CKeyID, CKey > keys
@ RANGE
Special type that is a NUM or [NUM,NUM].
@ STR_HEX
Special type that is a STR with only hex chars.
@ OMITTED
Optional argument for which the default value is omitted from help text for one of two reasons:
@ NO
Required arg.
@ STR_HEX
Special string with only hex chars.
#define strprintf
Format arguments and return the string or write to given std::ostream (see tinyformat::format doc for...
Definition: tinyformat.h:1162
std::string HexStr(const Span< const uint8_t > s)
Convert a span of bytes to a lower-case hexadecimal string.
bool IsHex(std::string_view str)